Subcategories

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  Anemometers

  An anemometer is a device used to measure wind speed. Indoors, it also measures air velocity and flow. In buildings, airflow is typically measured in cubic feet per minute (CFM) using anemometers to evaluate the performance of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and equipment.

  EMI offers a wide range of products designed to meet the air flow and wind speed measurement needs of professionals across various industries, including HVAC, construction, energy, marine, and wind power. The selection includes hot-wire anemometers, thermo-anemometers, Pitot tube anemometers, cup anemometers, vane (propeller) anemometers, and impeller anemometers with capture hoods.

  Additionally, sailing enthusiasts, boaters, and watersports fans make use of EMI’s portable digital handheld anemometers and compact mini anemometers from PCE to assess wind conditions outdoors. For meteorological measurements, EMI also provides a range of weather station products equipped with relevant sensors.

  Beyond air or wind speed, multifunctional anemometers can measure additional parameters such as temperature and humidity. Depending on the model, some devices also feature data logging or storage capabilities, enabling long-term or time-based measurements. Data logging anemometers typically include internal memory or an SD card, USB ports, and optional software for detailed data analysis on a computer.

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  Balances

  Discover our range of commercial scales, industrial scales, weighing platforms, table scales, precision scales, analytical scales, counting scales, medical scales, among others, from traditional to more advanced.

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  Borescope Cameras -...

  A wide range of borescopes are available featuring various diameters, working length, viewing directions and angles. Our flexible fiberscopes and accompanying light sources to meet your remote visual inspection needs. We will help you find the best borescope, pipe inspection camera, or fiber optic camera for your application. 

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  Process Calibrators

  We have a wide range of multifunctional process calibrators, process multi-scanners, and mA loop calibrators. EMI LDA with a range of process calibration tools is a high accuracy source and measure portable handheld calibrator used to inspect and maintain the accuracy of control devices. A full range of calibrators and troubleshooting tools for Instrument technicians working in the process industries.

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  Thermal imaging...

  Thermal imaging cameras give you the power to see problems invisible to the eye, and to see in total darkness. Thermal cameras can reveal moisture intrusion, missing insulation, and many other problems. Thermography is an accurate, quantifiable, non-contact diagnostic technique used to visualize and quantify changes in surface temperatures using high performance infrared cameras. Thermography is an accurate, quantifiable, non-contact diagnostic technique used to visualize and quantify changes in surface temperatures. Applications include vascular evaluation, tissue condition, muscle strain assessment, and bleed point detection.

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  Flow meters

  EMI LDA witha  range of vane style, vortex shedding, rotameters and laminar flow element flowmeters for use in industry. Here you will find air flow meters to measure air velocity and air pressure, depending on the type of application. Ultrasonic handheld instrument for measuring flow and percolation. Perfect instrument for investigation of flow speed on all kin of pipe material (metall, plastic or ruber)

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  Gas Detectors and...

  EMI LDA offers the gas detection systems for early detection and prevention of Gas Detection. Measurement and detection of combustible and refrigerant gases.

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  Water Leak Detectors

  Reliable Water Leak Detector with WiFi and Ethernet Connectivity

  Our water leak detector is a highly reliable solution featuring both WiFi and Ethernet connectivity, with support for web interface (WWW), SNMP, email alerts, and PoE power supply. It is ideal for businesses and technical environments that require continuous protection against water damage.

  Even small amounts of liquid trigger an alarm as soon as they come into contact with the sensing cable at any point along its length. Whether due to air conditioning pipe condensation or unexpected leaks, the WLD2 alerts you in time—preventing costly water damage.

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  Spectrometer

  Spectrometer

  The portable spectrometer is an advanced device designed to perform precise analyses and measurements on-site, for both known and unknown materials. Acting as a compact, mobile laboratory, this instrument effectively handles a wide range of analytical tasks with exceptional accuracy.

  Equipped with a high-resolution matrix sensor, the spectrometer captures detailed measurement data, which is then processed by a specialized graphical algorithm and a high-performance signal processor. This advanced technology enables accurate detection of frequency-modulated, amplitude-modulated, and hybrid lattice patterns.

  Combining the features of a densitometer and a spectrophotometer, the device can monitor and transmit real-time color and pressure measurements during the analysis process.

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  Digital Weather Stations

  Digital Weather Station for Accurate, Real-Time Climate Monitoring

  A Smart Investment for Homeowners and Professionals

  A digital weather station is an increasingly popular tool among homeowners, farmers, and industry professionals. Whether you're looking to buy a weather station for home use or need a professional weather monitoring system for precise environmental tracking, we offer versatile models for virtually every application.

  Each unit includes a thermometer, hygrometer, barometer, and rain gauge, providing real-time climate data with high accuracy. This complete setup ensures you can monitor temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and rainfall – all in one place.

  What’s Included in Our Weather Monitoring System?

  Our digital weather station is composed of two main components:

  • The base station with a digital display for data reading and storage.
  • External weather sensors, designed to collect accurate data directly from the environment.

  These wireless or wired sensors are easily installed using the included mounting pole, making them suitable for outdoor use in gardens, farms, or remote monitoring areas. The sensors act as data loggers, recording weather conditions and sending them directly to the display unit.

  Key Features & Benefits

  • Wireless or Cable Data Transmission – Easily transmits data to the base unit using radio or cable connections.
  • Data Storage and Accessibility – Weather data is automatically stored and can be reviewed anytime.
  • PC or Laptop Connectivity – Connect to your computer to analyze historical weather patterns using charts and graphs.
  • Short-Term Forecasting – Use the software to predict local weather changes based on collected data.
  • Ideal for Agriculture, Industry, and Personal Use – Perfect for farmers, researchers, schools, or weather enthusiasts seeking reliable, long-term monitoring.

  Why Choose a Digital Weather Station?

  By choosing a professional weather station, you're gaining access to:

  • Real-time weather updates
  • Accurate forecasting tools
  • Long-term environmental tracking
  • Easy setup with remote sensors and user-friendly software
  • A solution that's scalable for home or commercial needs

  Whether you need to track rainfall for agriculture, monitor humidity indoors, or gather climate data for research, our digital weather station with sensors delivers dependable results.

  Ready to Buy a Digital Weather Station?

  Browse our selection and find the perfect digital weather station to suit your needs. Enjoy real-time weather tracking, accurate data analysis, and an intuitive interface that puts the power of weather monitoring in your hands.

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  Light Meters

  EMI LDA offers one of the largest selections of light meter models for industrial and building audit usage. Providing essential footcandle and Lux readings, EMI’s digital light meter range includes affordable, general-use models as well as sophisticated datalogging, LED (white, red and blue), and UV light meter choices.

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  Hardness tester

  Hardness Testing in Materials Science and Engineering

  In the field of materials science and engineering, hardness testing plays a critical role in assessing a material's resistance to deformation. This property directly influences its durability, wear resistance, and overall performance in a wide range of applications. Understanding a material’s hardness is key to determining its suitability for specific functions.

  The most commonly referenced hardness tests in material datasheets are Rockwell, Brinell, and Vickers. Among these, the Rockwell method is the most widely used due to its speed and simplicity, particularly in industrial settings. The Leeb and Knoop methods are more specialised and are less frequently cited in standard datasheets, as they are typically used in specific testing conditions and for particular applications.

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  Thickness measurement

  Thickness gauges for accurate measurement of substrate whether steel, iron or non-ferrous materials.

  The thickness gauges of ferrous coatings are indicated to measure the thicknesses of paint, enamel, varnish, plastics, zinc, brass, chromium, among other types of non-magnetic coatings. In this type of measurement the device uses magnetic induction as a measurement method.

  Thickness meters (non-ferrous) for non-ferrous substrates such as aluminum, brass, etc. Measures all types of insulating coatings such as paint, plastics, lacquers and others. In this type of measurement the apparatus uses as pulsed Eddy current measurement method.

  Thickness gauges include a wide range of features available to improve accuracy. Ultrasonic thickness meters can measure virtually all materials, such as plastics, metals, metal materials, rubber and internally corroded materials.

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  High-precision...

  Automatic Pull-Off Adhesion Testers – Elcometer 510

  Automatic Pull-Off Adhesion Testers

  Precision, repeatability and full control for your adhesion testing

  The Automatic Pull-Off Adhesion Testers are designed to deliver extremely accurate and repeatable results when evaluating the adhesion strength of coatings on a wide range of substrates. Thanks to their fully automated pull rate control, these instruments eliminate operator-dependent errors, ensuring consistent measurements and compliance with major international standards.

  Ideal for laboratories, industrial inspection, quality control, and coating validation, provides a reliable, fast and intuitive solution for professionals who demand the highest performance.

  Why Choose Automatic Pull-Off Adhesion Tester?

  • Fully automated pull rate – ensures uniform and repeatable results.
  • High accuracy and stable readings, even under demanding testing conditions.
  • Intuitive digital display that simplifies setup and data interpretation.
  • Compatible with multiple dolly sizes and geometries, suitable for various coatings and surface types.
  • On-board memory and data export, perfect for reports and audit trails.
  • Compliant with international standards including ISO 4624, ASTM D4541 and others.

  Applications of Adhesion Testers

  Is widely used in sectors such as:

  • Metalworking and industrial manufacturing
  • Protective and anticorrosive coatings
  • Civil engineering and construction
  • Marine and offshore industries
  • Automotive and aerospace sectors
  • Testing laboratories and certification bodies

  Whenever coating adhesion needs to be verified, the devices provides reliable and traceable results.

  Competitive Advantages for Your Process

  • Reduced operator errors
  • Faster, more consistent testing
  • Automatic documentation of results
  • Improved coating quality and compliance
  • Lower rework costs and fewer premature failures

  Achieve Maximum Performance in Your Adhesion Testing

  With Automatic Pull-Off Adhesion Testers, your company benefits from a robust, high-precision instrument engineered to meet strict quality requirements. If you are looking for reliability, repeatability and ease of use, the Elcometer 510 series is the ideal choice for your adhesion testing needs.

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  WBGT Meters

  WBGT Meters – Accurate and Reliable Heat Stress Monitoring

  WBGT meters (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) are essential instruments for assessing the heat stress index, which measures the impact of heat on the human body under various environmental conditions. This index combines factors such as air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and air movement, providing a comprehensive and reliable picture of heat exposure levels.

  Designed for use in industrial, occupational and outdoor environments, WBGT meters are widely used by professionals in health and safety, environmental engineering and occupational hygiene. These instruments help to prevent health risks such as heat fatigue, dehydration and heatstroke, ensuring safe working conditions and compliance with health and safety regulations.

  What is the WBGT Index?

  The WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) index was developed to quantify the thermal load the human body experiences in a given environment. It is based on three key measurements:

  • Natural wet bulb temperature (Tnwb) – reflects the effects of humidity and ventilation;
  • Globe temperature (Tg) – measures the influence of solar radiation and hot surfaces;
  • Dry bulb temperature (Ta) – indicates the ambient air temperature.

  From these parameters, the WBGT meter automatically calculates the heat stress index, enabling technicians and safety managers to make informed decisions regarding work–rest cycles, hydration, and safe exposure limits.

  Applications of WBGT Meters

  WBGT instruments are suitable for a wide range of applications:

  • Occupational safety and hygiene: heat monitoring in factories, construction sites, foundries and mines;
  • Sports and outdoor events: controlling thermal conditions during training, competitions and endurance events;
  • Environmental and meteorological research: studying temperature and humidity variations;
  • Emergency services and defence sectors: assessing heat stress during operations and training.

  Thanks to their precision and reliability, WBGT meters help organisations comply with international standards, such as ISO 7243, and national health and safety regulations related to heat exposure in the workplace.

  Why Choose a WBGT Meter?

  In our store, you’ll find portable and fixed models to suit different applications and accuracy requirements. Our equipment features high-quality sensors, automatic data logging, configurable alarms and certified calibration, ensuring accurate readings and ease of use in the field or laboratory.

  Choosing a high-performance WBGT meter means investing in safety, productivity and the wellbeing of your team, especially in demanding environments exposed to high temperatures.

  Explore our range of WBGT meters and find the best solutions for heat stress monitoring, risk prevention and compliance with workplace safety standards.

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  Force Gauges / Force...

  Force Measurement

  A force meter allows the measurement of forces such as compression, tension, spring or even friction forces. These force meters are commonly used to perform push/pull tests in quality control.

  Force measuring devices: analog or digital

  In addition to mechanical meters, we also offer digital meters. Digital versions allow recording to be stored, exported via USB plug or in some cases RS232, or with analog output. For all models, we have test benches that guarantee the highest precision and repeatability in your test series.

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  Professional Vibration...

  Professional Vibration Meters

  Our vibration meters are designed to provide accurate condition monitoring of machines, motors and structures. With portable, high-precision instruments, you can detect unbalance, misalignment, looseness and other mechanical faults before they lead to unplanned downtime and costly repairs.

  Perfect for predictive and preventive maintenance teams, these instruments measure vibration acceleration, velocity and displacement, delivering reliable data for fast and informed decisions. This helps increase equipment availability, minimise the risk of failures and improve overall operational efficiency.

  Key benefits of our vibration meters

  • Accurate vibration measurements on rotating machines and structures.
  • Early fault detection for unbalance, misalignment and bearing damage.
  • Reduced maintenance costs by avoiding unplanned stoppages.
  • Extended service life of motors, bearings, pumps, compressors and fans.
  • Portable and user-friendly instruments for field inspections.
  • Data logging and analysis to support predictive maintenance programmes.

  Typical applications of vibration meters

  The vibration meters in this category are suitable for a wide range of industrial environments:

  • Monitoring electric motors, gearboxes, bearings and rotating shafts.
  • Vibration control on pumps, compressors, fans and turbines.
  • Predictive maintenance in production lines and industrial facilities.
  • Structural vibration assessment of buildings, bridges and critical assets.
  • Testing and validation in laboratories, R&D centres and test benches.

  What makes our vibration meters different

  We offer vibration meters that combine robust design, ease of use and metrological accuracy. Many models include integrated or external sensors, frequency filters, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis and data transfer to dedicated software.

  By choosing a professional vibration meter from this category, you benefit from:

  • Certified instruments from reputable manufacturers.
  • Specialised technical support to select the right meter for your application.
  • Options with data logging and connectivity for advanced diagnostics.
  • Excellent price-performance ratio for industrial and engineering projects.

  Quick comparison of vibration meters

  Use the table below to quickly compare the main characteristics of the vibration meters available in this category.

  Meter type	Typical measurement range	Recommended application	Main features
  Portable vibration meter	Up to several tens of mm/s	Routine inspections on motors, pumps and compressors	Fast reading, simple interface, built-in sensor
  FFT vibration analyser	Extended acceleration and velocity range	Detailed fault diagnosis and frequency analysis	FFT, data storage, PC/software connectivity
  Fixed vibration monitor	Continuous monitoring	Critical equipment and 24/7 processes	Configurable alarms, analogue/digital outputs

  Browse our range of vibration meters and find the ideal model for your process. If you need assistance, our technical team will help you select the most suitable solution for your application.

  Vibration meter comparison

  Use the table below to quickly compare the main types of vibration meters available, according to application, measurement range and key features.

  Vibration meter comparison
  Portable vibration meter
  Typical measurement range	Up to several tens of mm/s in velocity, suitable for routine inspections on industrial equipment.
  Recommended application	Preventive maintenance on electric motors, pumps, compressors and fans, with fast on-site measurements.
  Main features	Simple interface, integrated sensor, immediate reading of overall vibration level, models with alarm indication for values above predefined limits.
  FFT vibration analyser
  Typical measurement range	Extended range in acceleration, velocity and displacement, suitable for detailed condition analysis.
  Recommended application	Fault diagnosis on bearings, gears and shafts, frequency analysis, identification of resonances and complex vibration problems.
  Main features	FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), data logging, transfer to dedicated analysis software, storage of historical data and condition reports.
  Fixed vibration monitor
  Typical measurement range	Continuous monitoring at critical points, with permanent vibration measurement on 24/7 equipment.
  Recommended application	Continuous supervision of critical machines, turbines, large motors, main fans and equipment where downtime is highly costly.
  Main features	Configurable alarms, analogue/digital outputs for supervision systems, integration into SCADA or PLC, continuous trend recording.

  Choose the vibration meter that best fits your measurement and maintenance needs. If you require assistance, our technical team will help you select the ideal solution for your application.

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  Pressure - Vacuum Meters

  Pressure and vacuum measurement devices that will last, select from a huge selection of pressure gauges for every application and environment. To help detect essential process variables and transmit a continuous signal for measurement or data collection. A broad selection of Precision Digital Pressure Gauges for Gage, Absolute and Differential Pressures.

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  Medidor de Resistência...

  A ground resistance tester is an instrument used to measure the electrical resistance between an earthing system and the actual ground. This type of measurement is essential to ensure electrical safety in installations, preventing electric shocks, fires, and ensuring the proper operation of protective devices such as circuit breakers and surge protection devices (SPDs).

  In our online store, you will find the ideal ground resistance tester for accurately measuring the resistance of specific earthing systems, as well as resistances in ohms. This portable, battery-operated device features functions such as a timer (e.g., 3 minutes), data-hold function, and a multifunctional LCD display.

  The tester offers three measurement ranges: 20, 200, and 2000 ohms, with resolutions of 10 mΩ, 100 mΩ, and 1 Ω, respectively.

  The measuring system uses a constant current inverter (approximately 800 Hz, 2 mA) to determine ground resistance, and a rectifier (approx. 5 kΩ/V, range 40 to 500 Hz) to measure ground voltage. Compact and versatile, the tester facilitates identification between ground, phase, and neutral conductors.

  It is an essential tool for the quick detection of faulty connections, outdated electrical installations, or failures in the grounding conductor. Order your ground resistance tester now from our online store.

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  Energy Monitoring Systems

  Energy Monitoring Systems and IIoT Solutions

  Discover advanced energy monitoring systems powered by IIoT technology designed to reduce operational costs, optimize energy performance and give you real-time control over your entire electrical infrastructure.

  Smart Energy Monitoring for Industry 4.0

  Our energy monitoring platform provides precise visibility into energy consumption, equipment performance and power quality parameters. With integrated IIoT systems, your sensors, energy meters, analyzers and controllers communicate seamlessly in real time.

  Perfect for industrial energy monitoring, smart buildings and critical infrastructure, our solutions help you eliminate waste, prevent downtime and support data-driven decision making.

  • Real-time energy consumption monitoring
  • Seamless integration with IIoT and Industry 4.0 environments
  • Custom dashboards and automated reporting
  • Alerts and notifications for anomalies and energy events

  How Our IIoT Energy Monitoring Systems Work

  Our IIoT energy solutions collect high-resolution data from energy analyzers, smart meters and current sensors. Information is transmitted securely to our energy management platform, where it is processed and visualized through intuitive dashboards.

  The system supports industry-standard protocols such as Modbus, MQTT, OPC-UA and integration via REST API, enabling connectivity with SCADA, MES, BMS and other automation platforms used in Industry 4.0.

  • Real-time data acquisition
  • Historical data storage and trend analysis
  • Complete power quality monitoring: THD, harmonics, voltage, current, PF
  • Cloud connectivity and seamless system integration

  Applications of IIoT Energy Monitoring

  Our energy monitoring systems are versatile and scalable, suitable for a wide range of applications:

  • Industrial energy monitoring for factories and production lines
  • Energy management for commercial buildings, hotels and logistics centers
  • Solar energy monitoring, self-consumption and off-grid systems
  • Data centers, hospitals and critical infrastructure
  • EV charging fleet monitoring and energy optimization

  In every case, the goal remains the same: optimize energy performance, reduce operational costs and increase reliability.

  Key Advantages of Our Energy Management Platform

  By choosing our IIoT energy monitoring solutions, you gain full visibility, control and predictability over your energy usage.

  • Cost reduction through waste detection
  • Improved energy efficiency with high-accuracy analytics
  • Less downtime thanks to continuous equipment monitoring
  • Data-driven decisions supported by real-time and historical insights
  • Scalability — start small and expand as needed

  Start Monitoring Your Energy Today

  Ready to take the next step in energy management and digital transformation? Contact us to discover how our IIoT energy monitoring systems can be tailored to your company’s needs.

  Frequently Asked Questions About Energy Monitoring and IIoT

  What is an energy monitoring system?

  An energy monitoring system measures, records and analyzes electrical consumption in a facility, enabling businesses to identify inefficiencies, reduce energy waste and lower operational costs.

  How does IIoT improve energy management?

  IIoT systems connect smart devices—sensors, analyzers, meters—to a centralized software platform. This enables real-time data collection, automated processes and advanced analytics, leading to more efficient and intelligent energy management.

  Is industrial energy monitoring only for large factories?

  Not at all. Industrial energy monitoring is suitable for companies of all sizes. Any facility with significant energy consumption can benefit from real-time insights and optimization.

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  Torque

  Torque is the measure of force that causes an object to rotate around an axis. It is essential in mechanical and automotive contexts, particularly in engines, where it directly influences performance and efficiency. In this category, you will find a wide range of torque-related tools and equipment, such as torque wrenches, sensors, and control systems—ideal for industrial, workshop, and maintenance use. We offer reliable brands to ensure precision, safety, and consistency in every task.

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  Process and Control

  EMI LDA comes to offering its customers a wide range of process and control equipment with a powerful combination of quality, reliability and safety. EMI LDA provides you with robust equipment, accurate and reliable for all kinds of work.

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  Occupational Health...

  EMI LDA offers a wide range of occupational Health and Safety instruments provide precise measuring to measure what's important in your safety program. See our variety of field instrumentation for wide use.
  Measuring instruments for OHS, air quality, sound level meters class 1 and class 2 spectral analyzers, environmental noise monitors, sound calibrators, hand / arm or body vibration meters, heat index meters, light meters, particle counter meter, CO2 meters

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  Sound Meters & Decibel...

  From noisy nightclubs to loud manufacturing facilities, EMI LDA decibel meters are used to test whether a sound level exceeds levels established by municipal or national laws. Occupational safety and health standards for a reliable sound meter (commonly called a dB meter or noise meter) to determine an acceptable noise level with and without hearing protection. For on-the-person occupational sound measurement, EMI LDA noise dosimeter selection offers options for datalogging personal exposure to excessive sound levels.

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  Tachometers

  Pinpoint accuracy combined with measurement versatility. Tachometers are fast and accurate instruments utilizing laser or contact to measure rotational and linear speeds. Equipped with a laser and a range of contact adapters, they are versatile instruments that suit a wide range of applications. Having a compact design, they can be operated with just one hand and are supplied in a sturdy carrying case. The read out could be (km/h, RPM, meter per minute, liter per second ...).

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  Ionizing Radiation

  Ionizing radiation is a form of energy that is capable of ionizing atoms and molecules, which means that it has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms, leaving them electrically charged. There are three main types of ionizing radiation: gamma radiation (γ), beta radiation (β) and X-rays.

  Gamma Radiation (γ):

  Gamma radiation is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation. Gamma (y) radiation is emitted by atomic nuclei during nuclear transition processes, such as radioactive decay.
  Gamma waves have no mass or electrical charge. And due to their high energy, gamma waves have the ability to penetrate deeply into materials, requiring significant thicknesses of concrete, lead or other high density materials to stop them.
  Gamma waves are used in several applications, including medicine (such as radiotherapy for cancer treatment), sterilization of materials, detection of flaws in materials, among others.

  Beta (β) radiation:

  Beta radiation (β) consists of electrons (β-) or positrons (β+), which are emitted by unstable nuclei during radioactive decay processes. Beta electrons are lighter than Gamma rays and, therefore, are less penetrating and can be blocked by materials such as metal plates or even clothing.

  Positrons are the antiparticle of electrons, and when they meet frequent electrons, they annihilate each other, releasing energy in the form of Gamma radiation. Beta radiation is often used in medicine, in applications such as cancer treatment and diagnostic imaging (such as positron emission tomography - PET scan).

  X ray:

  X-rays are a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, with wavelengths shorter than visible light. They are produced when high-energy electrons are abruptly slowed down or when electronic transitions occur in atoms.
  X-rays have greater penetrating strength than Beta radiation, but less than Gamma radiation. X-rays are widely used in medicine for diagnostic imaging, such as radiographs, fluoroscopy and computed tomography (CT scan), as well as in other areas such as airport security inspection, industrial quality control and in scientific research.
  In summary, these three types of ionizing radiation have different characteristics and applications, but they all present potential health risks and must be used with care and appropriate precautions.

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  Timers

  EMI LDA has a complete line of digital and programmable timers that suit different processes. It can be used to control the sequence of an event or process. Our timers can be mechanical, electromechanical and digital.

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  Transmitters

  What is a Transmitter?

  A transmitter is a device that converts a physical quantity (such as temperature, pressure, or position) into a standard signal (usually electrical or digital), enabling remote monitoring, control, or data logging.

  It is an essential component in automation, instrumentation, and telecommunications systems.

  General Operation

  1. Primary sensor: detects the physical variable (e.g., thermocouple for temperature).
  2. Transducer: converts the variable into a proportional electrical signal.
  3. Signal conditioning: amplification, filtering, etc.
  4. Final conversion: to a standardized signal (e.g., 4-20 mA, 0-10 V, digital).
  5. Transmission: to a controller, logger, or SCADA system.

  Types of Conversion and Associated Transmitters

  Physical Variable	Type of Transmitter	Example Application
  Position	Potentiometers, Encoders	Robotics, motorized valves
  Speed	Tachometers, Encoders	Electric motors, production lines
  Acceleration/Vibration	Accelerometers, Piezoelectric sensors	Machine condition monitoring
  Force / Pressure	Strain gauges, Piezoelectric	Hydraulic and pneumatic systems
  Voltage / Current	Electrical transducers	Power monitoring
  Temperature	Thermocouples, RTDs, Thermistors	Industrial processes, HVAC
  Density	Density transmitters	Food and chemical industries
  Viscosity	Torque-based sensors	Oil, paint, food processing
  pH	pH transmitters	Water treatment
  Flow	Ultrasonic, Coriolis, Electromagnetic	Pipelines, irrigation systems
  Gas	IR sensors, MQ, TGS	Gas leak detection
  Humidity	Capacitive, resistive	Agriculture, HVAC
  Light	LDRs, Photocells	Automatic lighting control
  Redox	ORP transmitters	Pools, chemical reactions
  Universal	Configurable transmitters (e.g., HART)	Industrial automation
  Vibration	Piezoelectric sensors	Motors, turbines monitoring

  Types of Output Signals

  • Analog: 4–20 mA, 0–10 V
  • Digital: Modbus, Profibus, HART, CAN
  • Wireless: Zigbee, LoRa, WirelessHART

  Practical Applications

  • Industry: process automation, production monitoring
  • Energy: electrical and environmental parameter monitoring
  • Environment: air and water quality control
  • Transportation: motor monitoring, safety systems
  • Smart buildings: HVAC, lighting and humidity control
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  Dial Indicators

  The dial indicator is a tool for measuring the difference in height between two flat surfaces using a built-in probe. The comparator is used in industry and in quality control to check tolerance during the inspection process. Comparators make it possible to measure flat surfaces and detect errors with great precision. EMI with a wide range of analog and digital comparators for professional use.